Demonstração de Liquidação de IRS Explained, Line by Line

After you submit your Modelo 3, the tax office (AT) runs its own calculation and publishes the result as the Demonstração de Liquidação de IRS. It’s the document that says whether you get money back or owe some, and why. It’s also written entirely in Portuguese, as 29 numbered lines with names like Importância apurada and Coleta líquida.

This guide walks through it line by line, using a worked example, so you can check the AT’s arithmetic against your own numbers.

Where to find it

On Portal das Finanças, open the IRS area and choose Consultar Liquidação. Each year’s assessment is there as a PDF once the AT has processed your return. Processing usually takes a few weeks after you submit, and the AT has until 31 July to issue it. If you file jointly, there is one document for the couple.

The PDF has two parts: the 29 numbered lines on the first page, and the detail behind them (the deductions table and anything else the AT wants you to know) at the end.

The worked example

To make the lines concrete, here is a single employee’s 2025 assessment, calculated with the 2025 rules:

• Gross salary €30,000, with €3,300 of Segurança Social (11%) and €4,200 of IRS withheld during the year
• On e-Fatura: €6,000 of general family expenses, €900 of health, €9,600 of rent on their home, and a €40 deduction for IVA on invoices

Line	Printed as	Example
1	Rendimento global	€30,000.00
2	Deduções específicas	€4,462.15
6	Rendimento coletável	€25,537.85
9	Total do rendimento para determinação da taxa	€25,537.85
10	Quociente familiar · taxa	1.00 · 31.4%
11	Importância apurada	€8,018.88
12	Parcela a abater	€3,011.98
18	Coleta total	€5,006.90
19	Deduções à coleta	€1,186.01
22	Coleta líquida	€3,820.89
24	Retenções na fonte	€4,200.00
25	Impostos apurados	€379.11
	Valor a reembolsar	€379.11

Lines not shown are zero for this person. Here is what each one means.

Lines 1–6: from income to taxable income

Line 1 — Rendimento global. Your income for the year from the categories that are added together: salary (Category A) and pensions (Category H) at their gross amount, and freelance income (Category B) at its taxable amount, after the simplified-regime coefficient. If you chose to add investment or rental income to the total (englobamento), it lands here too. In the example: the €30,000 salary.

Line 2 — Deduções específicas. The standard deduction for salary and pension income. Each person gets the larger of a fixed amount (€4,462.15 for 2025) or the Segurança Social they actually paid. In the example, 11% of €30,000 is €3,300, so the fixed €4,462.15 wins.

Line 3 — Perdas a recuperar. Losses from earlier years that can still be set against this year’s income. Zero for most people.

Line 4 — Abatimento por mínimo de existência. The “minimum existence” rule, which stops low incomes from being taxed below a floor. It only applies to households with low gross income; at €30,000 it is zero.

Line 5 — Deduções ao rendimento. Other deductions from income. Zero for most people.

Line 6 — Rendimento coletável. Taxable income: line 1 minus lines 2 to 5. In the example, €30,000 − €4,462.15 = €25,537.85.

Lines 7–12: finding your rate

Line 7 — Quociente rendimentos anos anteriores. Income paid this year but earned in earlier years (back pay, for example) is spread over those years so it doesn’t push you into a higher bracket. This line takes it out of the rate calculation.

Line 8 — Rendimentos isentos englobados para determinação da taxa. Exempt income that still counts when choosing your rate. The usual one is the exempt part of salary under IRS Jovem: it isn’t taxed, but it sets how high your rate is.

Line 9 — Total do rendimento para determinação da taxa. The income that decides your bracket: line 6 + line 8 − line 7.

Line 10 — Quociente familiar and the rate. On a joint return the quotient is 2: the couple’s income is split in two, the rate is found for half, and the tax is doubled back up. This is the family quotient. For a single person it is 1. The rate printed is the rate of the bracket that income falls into — 31.4% in the example, because €25,537.85 sits between €22,306 and €28,400 on the 2025 table.

Line 11 — Importância apurada. Line 9, divided by the quotient, times that rate. €25,537.85 × 31.4% = €8,018.88.

Line 12 — Parcela a abater. The fixed amount taken off for that bracket. Portuguese IRS is progressive, and this is the shortcut that makes it so in one step: the full rate on all the income, minus a bracket-specific amount, gives the same result as taxing each slice at its own rate. For the 31.4% bracket in 2025 it is €3,011.98.

Lines 13–18: the tax

Line 13 — Imposto correspondente a rendimentos anos anteriores. Tax on the earlier-years income from line 7.

Line 14 — Imposto correspondente a rendimentos isentos. The share of the tax that belongs to the exempt income on line 8, taken back off. This is how exempt income raises your rate without being taxed itself.

Line 15 — Taxa adicional. The solidarity surcharge: 2.5% on taxable income between €80,000 and €250,000 and 5% above that. Zero below €80,000.

Line 16 — Excesso em relação ao limite do quociente familiar. Zero on almost every return.

Line 17 — Imposto relativo a tributações autónomas. Income taxed at a special flat rate, outside the brackets, such as the 20% rate on qualifying income under NHR or IFICI.

Line 18 — Coleta total. The tax before deductions: (line 11 − line 12) × the quotient, plus lines 13, 15, 16 and 17, minus line 14. In the example, €8,018.88 − €3,011.98 = €5,006.90.

Lines 19–25: from tax to the bottom line

Line 19 — Deduções à coleta. Your deductions, taken off the tax (not off the income). The breakdown is on the deductions page, below. In the example: €250 of general family expenses (35% of €6,000, capped at €250), €135 of health (15% of €900), €761.01 of rent and €40 of IVA on invoices = €1,186.01. Rent is 15% of €9,600 = €1,440, capped: the 2025 cap is €700 for a taxable income of €30,000 or more (per quotient), €1,000 at or below the first bracket’s €8,059, and in between it falls in a straight line. At €25,537.85 it is €700 + €300 × (30,000 − 25,537.85) / (30,000 − 8,059) = €761.01.

Line 20 — Benefício municipal. Your município receives up to 5% of your IRS. If it takes less, the difference is returned to you here. It depends on your tax address, and is zero where the município takes the full 5%.

Line 21 — Acréscimos à coleta. Tax benefits clawed back, for example the deductions you received for a PPR that you then cashed in early. Zero for most people.

Line 22 — Coleta líquida. The tax you actually owe for the year: line 18 − line 19 − line 20 (never below zero) + line 21. In the example, €3,820.89.

Line 23 — Pagamentos por conta. Advance payments you made during the year, which the AT asks of some freelancers.

Line 24 — Retenções na fonte. Tax withheld from your salary, pension or invoices during the year. In the example, €4,200.

Line 25 — Impostos apurados. Line 22 − (line 23 + line 24). The AT prints it without a sign: if you paid more during the year than you owe, it’s a refund; if less, it’s a bill. In the example, €4,200 was withheld against €3,820.89 owed: €379.11 back.

The result appears under the lines as Valor a reembolsar (to be refunded) or Valor a pagar (to pay). Amounts below €25 to pay or €10 to refund aren’t collected or paid out.

Lines 26–29: interest

Line 26 — Juros de retenção-poupança. Interest added to some refunds on tax that was withheld in excess during the year.

Line 27 — Sobretaxa-resultado. Left over from the temporary surtax of the 2010s. Zero on current returns.

Line 28 — Juros compensatórios. Interest you pay when tax was paid late or too little because of something on your side, such as a late return.

Line 29 — Juros indemnizatórios. Interest the AT pays you when the delay or the error is theirs, for example on a refund it pays late through its own fault — see why refunds run late.

The deductions page

At the end of the document, Deduções à coleta lists each deduction with two columns:

• Valor Despesa — the expenses the AT counted, mostly straight from e-Fatura
• Dedução — what that became as a deduction

Below the table come four totals: Total das Deduções, Total das Deduções sujeitas a limite (art 78), Limite and Dedução Efetiva. Some deductions (health, education, rent, IVA on invoices and a few others) share a household-wide global cap, which shrinks as income rises. General family expenses and the per-dependant amount sit outside it. If the Limite is lower than the total subject to it, part of your deductions didn’t count.

A deduction can also be lost when the tax runs out first: deductions come off in a fixed order, and whatever is left when line 22 reaches zero is simply lost.

Freelancers: the extra section

If you earn freelance income under the simplified regime with the 0.75 or 0.35 coefficient, the document can include a table per taxpayer comparing the expenses you declared with the ones the AT calculated. Under the 15% rule, expenses have to cover 15% of that income; when they fall short, the gap is added back to your taxable income as Acréscimo ao rendimento, which raises line 1. The deductible expenses guide explains what counts.

Under Informação Adicional, the AT also lists any pagamentos por conta it wants during the following year, per taxpayer: the amount of each of the three advance payments, due by the 20th of July, September and December.

If a number looks wrong

Go back through the chain: income on line 1, deductions on line 19, and what was withheld on line 24. Most surprises are a deduction that didn’t count, a withholding amount that doesn’t match your employer’s statement, or a joint return where separate would have cost less.

You have two ways to correct it. Within 30 days after the filing deadline (so up to 30 July), you can file a replacement return (declaração de substituição). After that, file a reclamação graciosa: within 120 days of the payment deadline, or up to two years from the filing deadline when the error is in your own declaration. You can do it yourself on Portal das Finanças — here’s how, step by step — or a contabilista can file it for you.

Sources

• CIRS art. 22 (rendimento global), 25 (deduções específicas), 68 and 68-A (rates and solidarity surcharge), 69 (quociente familiar), 70 (mínimo de existência), 78 (deduções à coleta and the global cap), 95 (minimum amounts to collect or refund), 102 (pagamentos por conta), 140 (correcting a declaration)
• Lei 55-A/2025 (2025 IRS table)
• Portal das Finanças, IRS › Consultar Liquidação